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Marine Biology Job Description: 6 Free Templates

Free marine biologist job description templates: research, consulting, aquarist, senior, and technician. With FLSA and salary notes. Download as DOCX.

Nick Anisimov

Nick Anisimov

FirstHR Founder

Hiring
15 min

Marine Biologist Job Description Templates

6 free templates across research, consulting, aquarist, senior, and field technician roles, with the role disambiguation and FLSA guidance the template farms skip. Download as DOCX.

Marine biology is one of the trickiest titles to write a job description for, because it is really several different jobs under one banner and because most of the people searching it are students and job seekers, not employers. A research scientist at an agency, an environmental consultant running coastal surveys, an aquarist caring for living animals, and a fisheries biologist assessing stocks all share the title but are different hires with different duties, certifications, and even pay classifications.

At FirstHR, we build templates that name the parts the generic ones skip. For a marine-biology role, that means clear disambiguation across the subtypes plus the FLSA classification call, which actually varies within this title. The six below cover the common roles, with an honest note on who hires for each. The guide to writing a job description covers the fundamentals.

TL;DR
Marine biologist is an umbrella title spanning research, consulting, aquarist, and fisheries roles, so define which you need first. There is no dedicated occupation code; the closest proxy, zoologists and wildlife biologists, had a median wage of $72,860 (BLS, May 2024). Classification varies: a degreed researcher is FLSA exempt, but a hands-on aquarist or technician may be non-exempt. Download as DOCX, customize, and post.

What a Marine Biologist Does

A marine biologist studies marine organisms and their interactions with the ocean environment, turning that work into research, conservation, or regulatory outcomes. The work spans field surveys and sampling, often by boat or dive, specimen collection and identification, laboratory analysis, data analysis with statistics and GIS, and technical reporting.

There is no dedicated federal occupation code for the role, so labor data captures it under zoologists and wildlife biologists, which the BLS notes includes those who study fish and other wildlife that inhabit the oceans. What changes is the role: a researcher designs studies, a consultant runs permitting surveys, an aquarist handles husbandry, and a fisheries biologist assesses stocks.

Marine Biology Roles and Subtypes

The single most useful thing a marine-biology job description can do is be clear about which role it means, because the title genuinely splits into several jobs that attract different candidates.

Research Marine Biologist
Academic or agency science
Designs and runs studies, analyzes data, and publishes. Concentrated in government, universities, and research institutes, often requiring a master's or PhD.
Environmental Consultant
Permitting and compliance
Runs surveys and prepares permitting and compliance documents for coastal and marine projects under ESA, MMPA, NEPA, and the Clean Water Act. The most common private-sector role.
Aquarist
Living-animal husbandry
Cares for marine animals and exhibits, manages water quality and life support, and supports animal health at an aquarium or marine facility. Hands-on rather than research-focused.
Fisheries / Field Biologist
Stock and habitat work
Assesses fish stocks, habitats, and populations, often for agencies or fisheries. Field-heavy survey and monitoring work, frequently using boats and dive operations.
Name the Subtype Before You Write
Research and field-survey work, permitting and compliance, animal husbandry, and stock assessment are different jobs with different certifications and pay classifications. Decide which you are hiring first. If your need is coastal surveys and permitting, the consulting version fits; if it is daily animal care, the aquarist version does; if it is study design and publication, the research or senior version does.

Marine Biologist Duties and Responsibilities

A marine biologist's duties cluster into field and sampling, lab and analysis, reporting and compliance, and collaboration and safety. The balance shifts by role, more field and permitting for a consultant, more husbandry for an aquarist, but these areas hold across the family.

Field and sampling
Plan and conduct marine field surveys
Collect, identify, and catalog specimens
Operate boats, dive gear, and sensors
Lab and analysis
Run laboratory analysis of samples
Analyze data with statistics and GIS
Maintain accurate records and field logs
Reporting and compliance
Write technical reports and papers
Support permitting and regulatory work
Manage permits and chain of custody
Collaboration and safety
Work with scientists, agencies, and clients
Follow dive, boat, and field-safety protocols
Mentor junior staff at senior levels

A research biologist leans toward study design and publication; a consultant toward surveys and permitting; an aquarist toward husbandry and life support. For a structured way to scope the role before posting, the guide to defining job responsibilities walks through the process.

Which Template Should You Use?

Pick the template by role and your organization. The scientific-study core runs through all six, but the field, lab, and regulatory balance differs enough that the matched version reads more credibly. Use this guide to choose.

General Marine Biologist
Adaptable base
The universal version covering field and lab research, data analysis, and reporting. The right base to adapt for most marine and coastal roles.
Field / Research
Surveys and dives
For field-heavy roles running boat and dive operations, surveys, and sampling, with scientific-diving and field-safety expectations built in.
Environmental Consulting
Permitting and compliance
For a consulting firm: surveys, environmental assessments, and permitting under ESA, MMPA, NEPA, and the Clean Water Act, on client deadlines.
Aquarist / Aquarium
Animal husbandry
For an aquarium or marine facility: daily husbandry, water quality and life support, and animal health, with the classification note made explicit.
Senior / Lead
Leads and mentors
For a lead scientist setting direction, leading teams, winning grants or contracts, and owning the quality of the science.
Entry / Field Technician
Recent graduates
For an entry-level technician supporting surveys, sampling, and data work, classified as non-exempt and hourly. No prior experience required.
Match the Template to the Hire
Field surveys and dives: Field / Research. Permitting and compliance: Environmental Consulting. Daily animal care: Aquarist. Study design and team leadership: Senior / Lead. A recent graduate in a support role: Entry / Field Technician. A general role to adapt: General. Whichever you pick, classify by actual duties and name only the certifications your work requires.

6 Free Marine Biologist Job Description Templates

Download all six as a single Word document or copy individual templates. Each follows the same structure: organization overview, position summary, key responsibilities, qualifications, work environment, classification, and how to apply. Fill in the brackets, set the role and reporting line, and post.

Download All 6 Job Description Templates
General, field/research, consulting, aquarist, senior, and entry-level technician. All in one DOCX.

Template 1: Marine Biologist (General)

The universal version covering field and lab research, data analysis, and reporting. The right base to adapt for most marine and coastal roles.

Marine Biologist Job Description (General)
MARINE BIOLOGIST JOB DESCRIPTION (GENERAL)
Organization: __ ([City, State])
Reports to: [Lead Scientist / Research Director / Lab Manager]
Employment type: Full-time, salaried, W-2
FLSA status: Exempt (learned professional exemption)
Compensation: $______ per year [+ benefits]

ABOUT [ORGANIZATION NAME]

[Organization Name] is a [consulting firm / aquarium / marine lab /
nonprofit] working on [marine and coastal projects]. We are hiring a
Marine Biologist to study marine organisms and ecosystems, conduct field
and lab research, and report findings.

POSITION SUMMARY

The Marine Biologist studies marine organisms, their behavior, and their
interactions with the environment. You will plan and run field surveys and
lab work, collect and analyze data, and produce reports that support
research, conservation, or regulatory decisions.

KEY RESPONSIBILITIES

Plan and conduct marine field surveys and sampling
Collect, identify, and catalog marine specimens
Run laboratory analysis of samples and data
Analyze data using statistics and GIS
Write technical reports and research papers
Maintain accurate records and field logs
Follow research and field-safety protocols
Collaborate with scientists, agencies, and clients

REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS

Bachelor's degree in marine biology or related field
[Master's or PhD for senior or research roles]
Field and lab research experience
Data analysis skills (R, SAS, SQL, or GIS a plus)
Strong scientific writing and communication
[SCUBA certification and swimming ability if field-diving]

WORK ENVIRONMENT

Mix of field (boats, coastal, dive sites) and lab or office
Physical fieldwork in variable weather and conditions
[Travel and irregular hours during field seasons]

EEO STATEMENT

[Organization Name] is an equal opportunity employer. Reasonable
accommodations are available for the essential functions of this role.

COMPENSATION AND HOW TO APPLY

Compensation: $______ per year [+ benefits]
To apply, email __ with your resume and cover letter.

Template 2: Field / Research Marine Biologist

For field-heavy roles running boat and dive operations, surveys, and sampling, with scientific-diving and field-safety expectations built in.

Field / Research Marine Biologist Job Description
FIELD / RESEARCH MARINE BIOLOGIST JOB DESCRIPTION
Organization: __ ([City, State])
Reports to: [Principal Investigator / Research Director]
Employment type: Full-time, salaried, W-2
FLSA status: Exempt (learned professional exemption)
Compensation: $______ per year [+ benefits]

POSITION SUMMARY

[Organization Name] is hiring a Field / Research Marine Biologist to lead
and carry out field-based marine research. You will design surveys, run
boat and dive operations, collect and analyze data, and turn results into
reports and publications.

KEY RESPONSIBILITIES

Design and lead marine field surveys and sampling
Run boat-based and dive-based data collection
Operate field equipment, sensors, and sampling gear
Identify and catalog marine species and samples
Analyze data with statistics and GIS
Write reports, proposals, and research papers
Maintain field logs, permits, and chain of custody
Follow dive, boat, and field-safety protocols

REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS

Bachelor's or advanced degree in marine biology or related field
Strong field-research and species-identification experience
[SCUBA certification: AAUS scientific diver preferred]
Boat handling and field-equipment experience
Data analysis (R, SAS, GIS) and scientific writing
Comfort with physical fieldwork in variable conditions

WORK ENVIRONMENT

Substantial field time: boats, coastal sites, and dive sites
Physical work in variable weather, water, and seasons
[Extended travel and irregular hours during field seasons]

SAFETY AND CERTIFICATIONS

Scientific diving per AAUS standards where diving is required
Boating safety and first-aid or CPR as applicable
Field-safety training before unsupervised fieldwork

COMPENSATION AND HOW TO APPLY

Compensation: $______ per year [+ benefits]
To apply, email __ with your resume.
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Template 3: Environmental Consulting Marine Biologist

For a consulting firm: surveys, environmental assessments, and permitting under ESA, MMPA, NEPA, and the Clean Water Act, on client deadlines.

Environmental Consulting Marine Biologist Job Description
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING MARINE BIOLOGIST JOB DESCRIPTION
Company: __ ([City, State])
Reports to: [Project Manager / Principal]
Employment type: Full-time, salaried, W-2
FLSA status: Exempt (learned professional exemption)
Compensation: $______ per year [+ benefits]

ABOUT THIS ROLE

A consulting marine biologist supports environmental assessments,
permitting, and compliance for coastal and marine projects. The role
combines field surveys, data analysis, and regulatory reporting for
clients, often under project deadlines.

POSITION SUMMARY

[Company Name] is hiring a Marine Biologist to support our environmental
consulting projects. You will run marine and coastal surveys, prepare
permitting and compliance documents, and deliver technical reports for
clients and regulators.

KEY RESPONSIBILITIES

Conduct marine, coastal, and benthic field surveys
Support environmental assessments and impact studies
Prepare permitting and regulatory compliance documents
Reference ESA, MMPA, NEPA, and Clean Water Act as needed
Analyze data and produce client deliverables
Manage field logistics, permits, and chain of custody
Meet project budgets, scopes, and deadlines
Coordinate with clients, agencies, and project teams

REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS

Bachelor's or master's in marine biology or related field
Environmental field-survey and permitting experience
Familiarity with ESA, MMPA, NEPA, Clean Water Act
Data analysis (GIS, R) and technical writing
[SCUBA certification and boating experience a plus]
Ability to manage multiple client projects

WORK ENVIRONMENT

Mix of field surveys, lab, and office or client sites
Project-driven deadlines and occasional travel
[Field work in variable coastal and marine conditions]

COMPENSATION AND HOW TO APPLY

Compensation: $______ per year [+ benefits]
To apply, email __ with your resume.

Template 4: Aquarist / Aquarium Marine Biologist

For an aquarium or marine facility: daily husbandry, water quality and life support, and animal health, with the classification note made explicit.

Aquarist / Aquarium Marine Biologist Job Description
AQUARIST / AQUARIUM MARINE BIOLOGIST JOB DESCRIPTION
Organization: __ ([City, State])
Reports to: [Curator / Director of Animal Care]
Employment type: Full-time, [salaried or hourly], W-2
FLSA status: [Confirm by duties and pay; husbandry-focused roles may be
non-exempt, see notes]
Compensation: $______ per [year or hour] [+ benefits]

ABOUT THIS ROLE

An aquarist or aquarium marine biologist cares for living marine animals
and exhibits, manages water quality and life-support systems, and supports
animal health and visitor education at an aquarium or marine facility.

POSITION SUMMARY

[Organization Name] is hiring an Aquarist to care for our marine animals
and exhibits. You will handle daily husbandry, monitor water quality and
life-support systems, support animal health, and help with education and
public programs.

KEY RESPONSIBILITIES

Provide daily husbandry and feeding for marine animals
Monitor and maintain water quality and life support
Clean and maintain tanks, exhibits, and equipment
Observe animal health and report concerns
Support veterinary care and quarantine protocols
Keep husbandry, feeding, and water-quality records
Assist with public education and programs
Follow animal-care and safety protocols

REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS

Bachelor's degree in marine biology or related field
Aquarium husbandry or animal-care experience
Knowledge of water chemistry and life-support systems
[SCUBA certification for in-tank work]
Attention to detail and reliable record keeping
Comfort with physical, hands-on animal care

WORK ENVIRONMENT

Aquarium or marine facility with tanks and exhibits
Physical, hands-on work; lifting and wet conditions
[Weekend, holiday, and on-call rotation as needed]

NOTE ON CLASSIFICATION (read before posting)

A degreed marine biologist in a research role is typically exempt under the
learned professional exemption. A primarily hands-on husbandry or aquarist
role may not meet the learned-professional duties test and could be
non-exempt and overtime-eligible. Classify by actual duties and pay, not
the title. This is general information, not legal advice.

COMPENSATION AND HOW TO APPLY

Compensation: $______ per [year or hour] [+ benefits]
To apply, email __ with your resume.

Template 5: Senior / Lead Marine Biologist

For a lead scientist setting direction, leading teams, winning grants or contracts, and owning the quality of the science.

Senior / Lead Marine Biologist Job Description
SENIOR / LEAD MARINE BIOLOGIST JOB DESCRIPTION
Organization: __ ([City, State])
Reports to: [Research Director / Principal / Executive Director]
Employment type: Full-time, salaried, W-2
FLSA status: Exempt (learned professional exemption)
Compensation: $______ per year [+ benefits]

ABOUT THIS ROLE

A senior or lead marine biologist sets research direction, leads projects
and teams, secures funding or contracts, and owns the quality of the
science. The role pairs deep expertise with leadership, mentoring, and
client or stakeholder management.

POSITION SUMMARY

[Organization Name] is hiring a Senior Marine Biologist to lead our most
important marine research and projects. You will set direction, lead field
and lab teams, secure funding or contracts, and ensure the science is
rigorous and well communicated.

KEY RESPONSIBILITIES

Lead design and delivery of marine research projects
Set scientific direction, methods, and standards
Lead field and lab teams and mentor junior staff
Write and win grants, proposals, or contracts
Oversee data quality, analysis, and reporting
Author publications and present findings
Manage budgets, permits, and stakeholders
Ensure safety and regulatory compliance

REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS

Master's or PhD in marine biology or related field
[Number]+ years leading marine research or projects
Track record of publications, grants, or contracts
Leadership, mentoring, and project-management skills
Deep field, lab, and data-analysis expertise
Strong scientific writing and communication

WORK ENVIRONMENT

Mix of field, lab, office, and stakeholder settings
Travel for fieldwork, conferences, and clients
[Field seasons with extended or irregular hours]

COMPENSATION AND HOW TO APPLY

Compensation: $______ per year [+ benefits]
To apply, email __ with your resume.

Template 6: Entry-Level / Field Technician

For an entry-level technician supporting surveys, sampling, and data work, classified as non-exempt and hourly. No prior experience required.

Entry-Level / Field Technician Marine Biology Job Description
ENTRY-LEVEL MARINE BIOLOGY / FIELD TECHNICIAN JOB DESCRIPTION
Organization: __ ([City, State])
Reports to: [Field Lead / Marine Biologist / Lab Manager]
Employment type: [Full-time or seasonal], W-2
FLSA status: Non-exempt (hourly, overtime-eligible)
Pay: [$______ per hour]

ABOUT THIS ROLE

An entry-level marine biology technician supports field and lab work under
the direction of marine biologists. This is a starting role for recent
graduates: you will assist with surveys, sampling, data entry, and lab
tasks while building hands-on experience.

POSITION SUMMARY

[Organization Name] is hiring a Marine Biology Field Technician to support
our research and survey work. You will assist with field sampling, specimen
processing, data entry, and lab tasks under the guidance of senior staff.

KEY RESPONSIBILITIES

Assist with marine field surveys and sampling
Collect, label, and process specimens and samples
Enter and quality-check field and lab data
Help maintain equipment, gear, and supplies
Support lab analysis and record keeping
Follow field, boat, and lab-safety protocols
Learn species identification and methods
Assist senior staff with daily tasks

REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS

Bachelor's degree in marine biology or related field
[No prior experience required; internships a plus]
Willingness to do physical fieldwork outdoors
Reliable, detail-oriented, and safety-minded
[Swimming ability and SCUBA certification a plus]
Basic data and computer skills

WORK ENVIRONMENT

Field, boat, and lab settings in variable conditions
Physical outdoor work; lifting and wet conditions
[Seasonal schedule and travel during field season]

NOTE ON CLASSIFICATION

A technician role where most duties are routine support work is typically
non-exempt and overtime-eligible. This is general information, not legal
advice; classify by actual duties and pay.

COMPENSATION AND HOW TO APPLY

Pay: [$______ per hour]
To apply, email __ with your resume.
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Exempt or Non-Exempt?

Classification varies within this title, so get it right before you post. A degreed marine biologist in a research or consulting role is generally exempt, but a hands-on aquarist or an entry-level technician may not be.

The learned professional exemption applies to work requiring advanced knowledge in a field of science or learning, customarily acquired by a prolonged course of specialized intellectual instruction, which fits the advanced degree marine biology requires. So a research or consulting scientist whose primary duty is analysis and professional judgment is typically salaried exempt. The two roles to examine are a primarily hands-on aquarist or husbandry position, where animal care rather than advanced scientific judgment is the main duty, which may be non-exempt, and an entry-level technician doing routine support work, which is typically non-exempt and hourly. Job titles never decide exempt status; the actual duties and salary basis must meet the tests. The exempt vs non-exempt guide covers the full analysis. This is general information, not legal advice.

Classify by Duties, Not the Title
A research or consulting marine biologist with an advanced degree and analysis-driven duties is generally exempt under the learned professional exemption. A primarily hands-on aquarist or a routine-support field technician may be non-exempt and overtime-eligible. Decide based on the actual primary duties and pay, and apply the higher of the federal or state standard. This is general information, not legal advice.

Requirements and Qualifications

This is a degree-driven scientific role, with the bar rising sharply by level. Name the specific degree, experience, and certifications your work requires, and keep the list focused, since long wish lists deter strong candidates in a competitive field.

RequirementWhat to know
EducationBachelor's for entry; master's for higher roles; PhD for independent research
Field experienceSurveys, species identification, sampling per the role
Lab and dataLab analysis plus R, SAS, SQL, or ArcGIS per O*NET
CertificationsScientific diving (AAUS), swimming, boating where field work requires
WritingScientific writing for reports, proposals, and papers
ClassificationExempt for degreed research roles; review aquarist and technician roles

Keep the must-have degree, experience, and certifications clear, and tailor seniority to the role. The O*NET profile lists common skills and technologies, and the SHRM guide covers the standard sections of a job description.

How to Write a Marine Biologist Job Description

A strong marine-biology posting takes shape once you settle the subtype, the work, and the certifications. Here is the process the templates are built around.

1
Identify which role you need
Research, consulting, aquarist, fisheries, or entry-level technician are different hires. Pick the version that matches your organization before writing.
2
List the real responsibilities
Field and sampling, lab and analysis, reporting and compliance, and collaboration and safety, calibrated to the role and your work.
3
Classify correctly
A degreed research or consulting scientist is typically exempt; a hands-on aquarist or entry-level technician may be non-exempt and hourly.
4
Specify certifications honestly
Name scientific diving, swimming, boating, and safety requirements only where the work needs them, since over-specifying screens out good candidates.
5
Set pay and add EEO
Benchmark to the role and region, set a good-faith range where required, and add an equal-opportunity statement.

Keep the posting neutral and inclusive, since the EEOC prohibits job advertisements that show a preference based on protected characteristics.

Marine Biologist Pay and Outlook

Marine biologists earn above the typical worker, though pay and the field itself are shaped by who employs them: mostly government, universities, and institutions rather than small private firms.

Pay and Demand (BLS)
Grouped with zoologists and wildlife biologists, marine biologists had a median annual wage of $72,860 in May 2024, well above the $49,500 median for all occupations, with the lowest 10 percent under $48,240 and the highest 10 percent over $113,350. The category held about 18,200 jobs, with employment projected to grow 2% from 2024 to 2034 and about 1,400 openings projected each year (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics).

The big variables are sector, role, and education. Research, development, and government roles tend to pay above the median, while consulting and advocacy roles tend to pay below it, and advanced degrees command a premium. Because the field is narrow and competitive, with candidates plentiful relative to openings, the challenge is less about pay and more about finding the right fit. For your posting, benchmark to the specific subtype, your region, and the experience you need, and include a good-faith range where required. National compensation surveys and local listings both help you set the number.

Hiring a Marine Biologist

A government agency or university hires marine biologists through a formal process and a large applicant pool. A small environmental-consulting firm, private aquarium, or independent lab makes the same hire directly, where a principal or lab manager runs the whole process. Here is what actually matters.

Most marine biologists work for government, universities, and large institutions, not small private employers
Be realistic about who hires marine biologists, because it shapes how you write the posting and who responds. The largest employer by far is government, which accounts for most of the field, followed by scientific and technical consulting, conservation nonprofits, research and development institutes, and universities. A genuine small private employer hiring a marine biologist is most often an environmental-consulting firm running coastal and marine surveys and permitting, a private aquarium or marine facility, or a small lab. If you are one of those small employers, you are competing for candidates against agencies and universities that offer stability and research prestige, so a clear, specific posting that names the actual work, the field and lab balance, and the growth path matters. The field is also narrow and competitive: there are roughly 18,200 zoologist and wildlife biologist jobs nationally, the category that includes marine biologists, with only about 1,400 openings a year, so candidates are plentiful but the right fit for your specific work is not automatic. Name the subtype you need clearly so the posting reaches the right people.
Marine biologist is an umbrella title: research, consulting, aquarist, and fisheries are different hires
Marine biologist is not one job; it is an umbrella over several roles with different duties, settings, and even pay. A research marine biologist designs and runs studies and publishes, usually for an agency or university and often needing a master's or PhD. An environmental-consulting marine biologist runs surveys and prepares permitting and compliance documents under laws like the Endangered Species Act, the Marine Mammal Protection Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and the Clean Water Act, on client deadlines; this is the most common private-sector version. An aquarist cares for living animals and exhibits and manages water quality and life support, which is hands-on husbandry rather than research. A fisheries or field biologist assesses stocks and habitats, often boat and dive heavy. Before writing the posting, decide which of these you actually need, because the qualifications, the certifications such as scientific diving, and the day-to-day work differ enough that a generic posting attracts the wrong applicants. This page includes a version for each common marine-biology role plus a general base to adapt.
Classification turns on duties: a degreed researcher is exempt, a hands-on aquarist or technician may not be
Get the FLSA classification right, because it varies within the title. A degreed marine biologist whose primary duty is research, analysis, and the exercise of professional judgment generally qualifies as exempt under the learned professional exemption, which applies to work requiring advanced knowledge in a field of science customarily acquired by a prolonged course of specialized intellectual instruction, the kind of advanced degree marine biology requires. So a research or consulting scientist is typically salaried exempt. Two roles need a closer look. A primarily hands-on aquarist or husbandry role, where the main duties are animal care rather than advanced scientific judgment, may not meet the learned-professional duties test and could be non-exempt and overtime-eligible. An entry-level field technician doing routine support work is typically non-exempt and hourly. As always, job titles do not decide exempt status; the actual duties and pay must meet the legal tests, and you apply the higher of the federal or state standard where a state sets stronger rules. This is general information, not legal advice.

After You Hire: Onboarding

The job description is step one, and because marine biology often involves boats, diving, and field hazards, the onboarding should center on the employment basics plus safety and certification, which doubles as documentation. Send the offer with the compensation and the correct exempt or non-exempt classification, collect the signed offer, complete Form I-9 within the first days along with the rest of the new hire paperwork, and gather tax forms.

For a marine biologist specifically, add the role-relevant steps: verify and store any scientific-diving certification, swimming and first-aid or CPR records, and boating credentials, and run a documented field-safety orientation before the biologist works unsupervised in the field. Keep the signed onboarding documents and certifications on file, and orient the new scientist to your data systems, GIS, and reporting standards. A structured first weeks helps a new biologist learn your projects and safety culture rather than picking them up ad hoc, the kind of structured start the employee onboarding guide describes.

For a small consulting firm or facility handling this directly, FirstHR fits the workflow: e-signature for the offer and field-safety acknowledgments, document management to store diving and certification records, training modules for safety and policy onboarding, task workflows so every hire runs the same way, and a simple HRIS with an org chart as the team grows. Because pricing is flat rather than per seat, a small team pays one rate as it scales. FirstHR does not run payroll or administer benefits, so pair it with a payroll provider. Applicant tracking is coming soon to FirstHR.

Key Takeaways
Marine biologist is an umbrella title spanning research, consulting, aquarist, and fisheries roles; define which you need before posting.
Most marine biologists work for government, universities, and institutions; the small private employers hiring them are usually consulting firms, aquariums, or independent labs.
There is no dedicated federal occupation code; zoologists and wildlife biologists (median $72,860, May 2024) is the closest proxy.
Classification varies: a degreed research or consulting scientist is typically FLSA exempt, but a hands-on aquarist or entry-level technician may be non-exempt and hourly.
Specify certifications like scientific diving (AAUS), swimming, and boating only where the field work actually requires them.
The field is narrow and competitive with about 18,200 jobs and 1,400 openings a year, so a clear, role-specific posting helps you find the right fit.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does a marine biologist do?

A marine biologist studies marine organisms, their behavior, and their interactions with the ocean environment, and turns that work into research, conservation, or regulatory outcomes. The Bureau of Labor Statistics groups marine biologists with zoologists and wildlife biologists and describes them as studying fish and other wildlife that inhabit the oceans. The core duties cluster into a few areas: planning and conducting field surveys and sampling, often by boat or dive; collecting, identifying, and cataloging specimens; running laboratory analysis; analyzing data with statistics and tools like R, SAS, or GIS; and writing technical reports and research papers. The emphasis shifts by role. A research marine biologist designs studies and publishes, a consulting marine biologist runs surveys and prepares permitting and compliance documents, an aquarist provides hands-on animal husbandry and manages life-support systems, and a fisheries or field biologist assesses stocks and habitats. What unites them is the scientific study of marine life paired with rigorous data work and reporting. This page offers a template for each common marine-biology role.

What is the difference between the types of marine biologists?

Marine biologist is an umbrella title covering several genuinely different jobs. A research marine biologist designs and runs studies, analyzes data, and publishes, usually for a government agency, university, or research institute, and often needs a master's or PhD. An environmental-consulting marine biologist, the most common private-sector version, runs marine and coastal surveys and prepares permitting and compliance documents under laws like the Endangered Species Act, the Marine Mammal Protection Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and the Clean Water Act, working to client deadlines. An aquarist or aquarium marine biologist cares for living marine animals and exhibits, manages water quality and life-support systems, and supports animal health, which is hands-on husbandry rather than research. A fisheries or field biologist assesses fish stocks, habitats, and populations, often with substantial boat and dive work. The duties, the required certifications such as scientific diving, the settings, and even the pay differ across these, so naming the right subtype in your posting is the single most useful thing you can do to attract the right candidates.

Is a marine biologist exempt or non-exempt from overtime?

It depends on the specific role and duties, not the title. A degreed marine biologist whose primary duty is research, analysis, and the exercise of professional judgment generally qualifies as exempt under the Fair Labor Standards Act learned professional exemption. That exemption applies to work requiring advanced knowledge in a field of science or learning that is customarily acquired by a prolonged course of specialized intellectual instruction, which fits the advanced degree marine biology typically requires, so a research or consulting scientist is usually salaried and exempt. Two roles need closer scrutiny. A primarily hands-on aquarist or husbandry role, where the main duties are animal care rather than advanced scientific judgment, may not meet the learned-professional duties test and could be non-exempt and overtime-eligible. An entry-level field technician performing routine support work is typically non-exempt and hourly. Job titles never decide exempt status on their own; the actual duties and the salary basis must meet the legal tests, and where a state sets stronger standards you apply the higher requirement. This is general information, not legal advice; confirm classification with an employment professional.

What qualifications does a marine biologist need?

A marine biologist typically needs a degree in marine biology or a closely related field plus hands-on field and lab experience, with the bar rising sharply by role. A bachelor's degree is the usual minimum for entry-level and technician roles, a master's degree is common for higher-level positions, and a PhD is generally expected for independent research and university research roles. Beyond the degree, the core qualifications are field-research and species-identification experience, laboratory skills, and data-analysis ability, increasingly with tools such as R, SAS, SQL, and ESRI ArcGIS, which the federal occupational profile lists as common technologies for the role. Strong scientific writing and communication matter across all versions, since the job produces reports, proposals, and papers. For field-heavy and dive-based roles, scientific diving certification, often to American Academy of Underwater Sciences standards, plus swimming ability and boating experience, are frequently required. When you write the posting, set the degree and experience to the actual role, list specialized certifications like scientific diving only where the work requires them, and separate the genuine must-haves from the long wish lists that deter strong candidates in an already competitive field.

How do I write a marine biologist job description?

Start by identifying which marine biologist you need, since research, consulting, aquarist, fisheries, and entry-level technician are different hires, then write the posting around the real work and your organization. Pick the version that matches: general, field or research, environmental consulting, aquarist, senior, or entry-level technician. Write an honest position summary and list the actual responsibilities, which span field and sampling, lab and analysis, reporting and compliance, and collaboration and safety, calibrated to the role. Name the specific work your organization does, the balance of field, lab, and office time, and the regulatory context if you do permitting work. State the reporting line and classify the role correctly: a degreed research or consulting scientist is typically exempt, while a hands-on aquarist or entry-level technician may be non-exempt. Specify required certifications such as scientific diving only where the work needs them, since over-specifying screens out good candidates. Add qualifications calibrated to the level, a work-environment section that is honest about fieldwork and conditions, the compensation with a good-faith range where your state requires it, and an equal-opportunity statement. The free templates on this page give you a starting structure for each role.

How much does a marine biologist make?

Marine biologists earn more than the typical worker, though pay varies widely by employer, role, and education. The Bureau of Labor Statistics groups marine biologists with zoologists and wildlife biologists, which had a median annual wage of $72,860 in May 2024, well above the $49,500 median for all occupations. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $48,240 and the highest 10 percent earned more than $113,350, so there is a wide range driven by experience, education, and sector. Pay also varies by industry: research and development and government roles tend to pay above the median, while consulting and social advocacy roles tend to pay below it. Because most positions are with government agencies, universities, and institutions rather than small private employers, the role's pay norms reflect those settings. For your posting, benchmark to the specific subtype, your region, and the experience you need rather than the national median, and include a good-faith salary range where your state or city requires it. National compensation surveys and local listings both help you set a competitive number, which matters given how competitive the field is for the right fit.

Do small businesses hire marine biologists?

Some do, but they are the exception rather than the rule, and they tend to be specific kinds of small employers. The field overall is dominated by government agencies, universities, research institutes, and conservation nonprofits, which together employ most marine biologists. When a genuinely small private employer hires one, it is usually an environmental-consulting firm running coastal and marine surveys and permitting, a private aquarium or marine facility, or a small independent lab. For those employers, the hire still benefits from a clear, role-specific job description and a structured onboarding, because they are competing for candidates against larger institutions and because field and dive work carries real safety and certification requirements that should be handled up front. If you are a small consulting firm or facility making this hire, the priorities are naming the exact role and required certifications, classifying it correctly, and onboarding cleanly so the new scientist is productive and compliant fast. The field-survey and consulting versions on this page are written with that small private employer in mind, while the research and senior versions fit the larger institutions that hire most of the field.

What happens after I hire a marine biologist?

Run a structured onboarding that handles the employment basics and the field-and-safety setup that this role carries. Start with the paperwork: send the offer stating the compensation and the correct exempt or non-exempt classification, collect the signed offer, complete Form I-9 in the first days, and gather the W-4 and any state tax forms. Because marine biology often involves boats, diving, and field hazards, prioritize the safety and certification setup: verify and store any scientific-diving certification, swimming and first-aid or CPR records, and boating credentials, and run a documented field-safety orientation before the biologist works unsupervised in the field. If the role does permitting or compliance work, orient them to the regulatory context and your reporting standards. Provision access to data systems, GIS, and any field equipment, and set clear early goals for their first projects. For a small consulting firm or facility handling this directly, FirstHR fits the workflow: e-signature for the offer and field-safety acknowledgments, document management to store diving and certification records, training modules for safety and policy onboarding, task workflows so every hire runs the same way, and a simple HRIS with an org chart as the team grows. FirstHR does not run payroll or administer benefits, so pair it with a payroll provider. Applicant tracking is coming soon to FirstHR.

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